Lake sediments could well record the high-resolution paleoclimate reconstructions and the past biology community compositions changes over decades to centuries through the deposition and preservation of diverse materials derived from land, lake and atmosphere. This dataset contains a variety of measurements from lake sediments, such as the geochemical indices (total organic carbon, δ13Corg, δ15N, DNA), the biology indices (e.g., pollen, diatom), the physical indices (magnetic susceptibility, grain size), which is useful for the researchers from the fields of climatology, geology, biology, and limnology to further study.